Crop Disease Management
Huge agricultural losses are incurred annually owing to microbial (virus, fungus, and bacteria) infections.
Nanomaterials with specific antimicrobial properties help prevent microbial infestations. Some of the common pathogenic fungi that cause diseases are Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, and Dematophora necatrix.
Several nanoparticles such as nickel ferrite nanoparticles and copper nanoparticles, have a strong antifungal property and are effectively used in disease management. In the case of viral infection treatment, chitosan nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles, and silica nanoparticles are effective against viral diseases such as mosaic virus for tobacco, potato, and alfalfa.